Determination of Sterol Content and Composition
The ISO 12228-1 standard, developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO), describes a procedure for the determination of the content and composition of sterols in animal and vegetable fats and oils by gas chromatographic method. The ISO 12228-2 standard provides a procedure for the determination of sterol contents and composition in olive and pomace oils. These standards have been published by the Turkish Standards Institute (TSE) in our country with the following titles:• TS EN ISO 12228-1 Determination of individual and total sterol content - Gas chromatographic method - Part 1: Animal and vegetable fats and oils
• TS EN ISO 12228-2 Determination of individual and total sterol content - Gas chromatographic method - Part 2: Olive and pomace oil
Steroids regulate biological processes and are considered membrane enhancers by maintaining the domain structure of cell membranes. While cholesterol is the main sterol in vertebrates, ergosterol plays a key role in fungi. Cholesterol is found in many biological membranes and is the main sterol of animals. Plants generally have more complex sterol compositions, which are involved in the embryonic growth of plants.
Sterols play an important role in fundamental biological processes such as signal transduction, cellular classification, cytoskeletal reorganization, asymmetric growth, and infectious diseases.
The main sterol found in mushrooms is ergosterol. This sterol has unique interaction properties with antibiotics that are effective against fungi. Bacterial sterols, on the other hand, are primitive sterols and are produced by bacteria that thrive in extreme conditions such as temperature, acidity, pressure, and ionic strength.
